为什么说“可耻”,为什么说“又一次”,因为在跳票方面,Nexenta劣迹斑斑。
标签: NexentaStor
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NexentaStor 4.0 – New Beta Coming in January
好消息,终于来一个比较像样的 Beta 版本了。可从 3 升级,有可更新的 apt source etc…
Dear Nexenta Community,
Happy Holidays from the Nexenta Team. As we prepare for the holidays, Nexenta is also finishing up final testing and release efforts for a newly revamped 4.0 release of NexentaStor.
NexentaStor 4.0.1 (the “.1” has been added to differentiate from earlier versions of the 4.0 beta software) will be released for beta testing the first full week of January. This will be a simultaneous beta release including:
- Enterprise Users – Selected enterprise customers will be testing under NDA for enterprise edition.
- Reseller Partners – All of premier and certified reseller partners will have access to enterprise edition for solutions testing.
- Community Users – All interested community users are invited to download and test the new 4.0.1 community edition beta software.
The software images and beta release notes will be published at the start of the beta period in January. in the interim, there are a few key updates to be aware of for those who have previously tested the earlier beta releases of NexentaStor 4.0 Community Edition (any milestone version):
- Seamless Upgrade from 3.1.5 to 4.0.1 – We will be supporting an inline upgrade (rather than a reinstall) to 4.0.1. In order to be able to do a seamless upgrade, systems will have to be upgraded to the latest 3.1.5 release, and community users must be using a standard image without additional binaries installed on their NexentaStor system.
- New license keys – In order to support a seamless upgrade from 3.x to 4.0.1, a previous change to the length of the machine ID has been removed. This however, will impact current 4.0 beta users, requiring 4.0.1 to be a reinstall rather than an upgrade.
- Improved support for Windows clients – Support for SMB 2.1 has been added (a natural stopping point to SMB 3.0) and will be tested during beta.
- Up to date Illumos kernel – The most current changes have been integrated, and Nexenta has begun updating the open source repository in preparation for the full release.
Check the Forums for the most up to date information about the beta, including question to get your feedback about monitoring beta progress.
We thank you for your patience and continued support while the 4.0 release has been reworked for the upcoming release.
Nexenta Product Management
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NexentaStor 翘掉一例
一时手贱,把下面这个参数由自己调好的1,跳到10,结果系统死机不断。
判断应该是磁盘负载过重,导致 NexentaStor 并 ESXi 一起死掉。
Sys_zfs_vdev_max_pending 该系统配置变量控制设备 I/O 队列大小 (I/O 并发性)。 This system configuration variable controls device I/O queue size (I/O concurrency). 对于 SATA 磁盘,建议值为 ‘1’。 对于所有其他磁盘种类,请保持系统默认。 For SATA disks, the recommended value is ‘1’. For all other disk types, please keep the system default. 请注意,调整此参数可能会影响 I/O 延迟,也许会以原始流吞吐量为代价。 Note that tuning this parameter may affect I/O latency, possibly at the expense of raw streaming throughput. 更多信息,参见 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_Command_Queuing.
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New Public Beta: NexentaStor Community 4.0 milestone 23
New Public Beta: NexentaStor Community 4.0 milestone 23
NexentaStor 4.0 is now based on the illumos core, which brings along the latest stability and driver updates.
Details: This release is intended for a clean install, upgrading from the 3.x series is not supported in this build.
ISO Image Download: NexentaStor-Community-4.0.0-milestone_23.iso (737MB, md5: f87a860168cb1cb00a874370f1b9a595) Installation Guide: NexentaStor Installation Guide v4.0 Beta.pdf User Guide: NexentaStor User Guide v4.0 Beta.pdf
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NexentaStor NAS 家用环境置备(一):BT 客户端
前言
对于 7*24 运行的家用 NAS 来说,你肯定想装上可通过 Web 界面访问控制的 BT 客户端——通过动态域名服务的支持,种子在办公室或路上就可以扔到上面,苍老师在你回家之前就已躺好了……:D
这一切在 Linux 的诸多发行版下很容易实现,比如 Debian 只需用 apt-get 就基本上搞定了所有事情。而如果你的 NAS 基于 Solaris,比如 NexentaStor,这也有现成的包,但缺失了一些基本的东西——软件包没给你创建服务进程专有的用户,以及没有按照 Solaris 的标准将“服务”给定义出来。
为什么要选用 NexentaStor?NexentaStor 系出 Solaris,在商业化运作的基础上也提供 Community 版本的软件,对 OS 底层封装得非常不错,相比其他 BSD NAS 方案有着良好的用户使用体验!二则是 ZFS 的优良特性,使得其非常适合家庭持久数据的保存。
下文将解释如何在 NexentaStor 上安装 BT 客户端 Transmission(它也被很多 PT 支持),并将其配置为 svcadm 所能管控的系统服务。
本文使用的 NexentaStor 为 4.0.0 Beta M20,你可以到 NexentaStor Community Beta 网站上关注其更新。
系统准备
NexentaStor 使用了 Debian 的软件包管理机制,支持 apt 方式安装和更新软件包。作为一个尚处于 Beta 阶段的专有 OS,官方并未给 NexentaStor 4.0.0 Beta M20 提供可用的 apt deb source,但由于其核心与 Dilos 一样基于 illumos,且都使用 apt,所以我们把下面这几个源加到 /etc/apt/sources.list 当中应当是可行的:
deb http://apt.dilos.org/dilos dilos-unstable main contrib non-free deb http://apt.dilos.org/dilos dilos-testing main contrib non-free
对了,对于 NexentaStor 来说,默认的 Shell 并不是常见的 Bash,而是其封装好的 nmc,你得进到 Bash 才能编辑上述的 sources.list。这你得动点手脚,具体可以点击这里:
nmc@nas:/$ option expert_mode = 1 nmc@nas:/$ !bash You are about to enter the Unix ("raw") shell and execute low-level Unix command(s). Warning: using low-level Unix commands is not recommended! Execute? (y/n)
按”y”之后,熟悉的bash#就回来了!
root@nas:/volumes#
接下来是导入 dilos 的公钥以验证该 source 的签名,参见“apt-get update 的 NO_PUBKEY 问题解决”:
root@nas:~# gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys 74DA7924C5513486 root@nas:~# gpg --export 74DA7924C5513486 | apt-key add -
更新系统:
root@nas:~# apt-get update root@nas:~# apt-get install curl root@nas:~# apt-get install unzip
但是,切记除了安装你需要的软件包,不推荐你运行
apt-get upgrade
或者apt-get dist-upgrade
来更新系统。基本安装
同样,我们通过 apt-get install transmission 来完成 Transmission 基本软件包的安装。
root@nas:~# apt-get install transmission Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Note, selecting 'network-transmission' instead of 'transmission' The following extra packages will be installed: library-libevent The following NEW packages will be installed: library-libevent network-transmission 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 30.9 MB of archives. After this operation, 108 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y Get:1 http://apt.dilos.org/dilos/ dilos-unstable/main library-libevent solaris-i386 1.2.10.1 [628 kB] Get:2 http://apt.dilos.org/dilos/ dilos-unstable/main network-transmission solaris-i386 1.2.10.2 [30.3 MB] Fetched 30.9 MB in 1min 7s (460 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package library-libevent. (Reading database ... 62440 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking library-libevent (from .../library-libevent_1.2.10.1_solaris-i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package network-transmission. Unpacking network-transmission (from .../network-transmission_1.2.10.2_solaris-i386.deb) ... Setting up library-libevent (1.2.10.1) ... Setting up network-transmission (1.2.10.2) ...
查看 Transmission 版本,2.73,不是最新也尚可:
root@nas:~# transmission-cli --version transmission-cli 2.73 (13592)
创建一个新用户 torrentd,用于替换 root 来运行 Transmission 服务进程。
root@nas:~# mkdir -p /export/home/torrentd root@nas:~# cd /export/home/ root@nas:/export/home# useradd -d /export/home/torrentd -s /bin/false torrentd root@nas:/export/home# chown torrentd:other torrentd/ root@nas:/export/home# ls -la total 6 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4 Feb 8 00:24 . drwxr-xr-x 3 root sys 3 Feb 8 2013 .. drwxr-xr-x 2 admin staff 6 Feb 8 2013 admin drwxr-xr-x 2 torrentd other 2 Feb 8 00:24 torrentd
你可以同时创建 BT 使用的存储目录。NexentaStor 下无疑你希望用上自己的 ZFS 池。
root@nas:~# mkdir -p /volumes/main/stuff/btdownloads root@nas:~# chown -R torrentd:other /volumes/main/stuff/btdownloads
配置
这些基本步骤过后,我们还需要配置 Transmission,而创建配置文件最方便容易的方式莫过于运行 transmission-daemon,它会为我们创建一个母本。通常情况下,这些配置文件将在当前登录的用户主目录中生成,在多用户环境中这是 OK 的,但在这里的场景下我们把它们放在 /var/transmission 目录中。
root@nas:~# mkdir /var/transmission/ root@nas:~# transmission-daemon --config-dir /var/transmission -f [00:35:04.262] Transmission 2.73 (13592) started (session.c:720) [00:35:04.263] RPC Server Adding address to whitelist: 127.0.0.1 (rpc-server.c:803) [00:35:04.263] RPC Server Serving RPC and Web requests on port 127.0.0.1:9091/transmission/ (rpc-server.c:997) [00:35:04.263] RPC Server Whitelist enabled (rpc-server.c:1001) [00:35:04.263] UDP Failed to set receive buffer: No buffer space available (tr-udp.c:58) [00:35:04.263] UDP Failed to set receive buffer: requested 4194304, got 57344 (tr-udp.c:77) [00:35:04.263] DHT Generating new id (tr-dht.c:309) [00:35:04.263] Using settings from "/var/transmission" (daemon.c:517) [00:35:04.263] Saved "/var/transmission/settings.json" (bencode.c:1731) [00:35:04.263] Port Forwarding (NAT-PMP) initnatpmp succeeded (0) (natpmp.c:72) [00:35:04.263] Port Forwarding (NAT-PMP) sendpublicaddressrequest succeeded (2) (natpmp.c:72) [00:35:12.337] Port Forwarding Port Forwarding (port-forwarding.c:93) [00:35:12.337] Port Forwarding Port Forwarding (port-forwarding.c:93) [00:35:37.568] DHT Attempting bootstrap from dht.transmissionbt.com (tr-dht.c:247)
现在进程已经起来,配置文件也已经生成,按 CTRL-C 把 transmission-daemon 进程杀掉。你可以看到一些文件已经生成出来:
root@nas:~# cd /var/transmission/ root@nas:/var/transmission# ls -la total 11 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 6 Feb 8 00:37 ./ drwxr-xr-x 41 root sys 41 Feb 8 00:34 ../ drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2 Feb 8 00:35 blocklists/ drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2 Feb 8 00:35 resume/ -rw------- 1 root root 2147 Feb 8 00:37 settings.json drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2 Feb 8 00:35 torrents/
最重要的文件是 settings.json ,我们需要在其中设置下载目录(download-directory)以及对本地局域网设置白名单(whitelist) (我这里是 192.168.168.*)。
关于设置文件的一个注意事项:你可以任意编辑此文件,但如果你编辑 settings.json 时 transmission-daemon 处于运行状态,那么服务进程停止时设置文件将被覆写。所以要停掉 transmission-daemon 之后再编辑 settings.json。
"download-dir": "/volumes/main/stuff/btdownloads", ... "rpc-authentication-required": false, "rpc-bind-address": "0.0.0.0", "rpc-enabled": true, "rpc-password": "------------", "rpc-port": 9091, "rpc-username": "", "rpc-whitelist": "127.0.0.1,192.168.168.*", "rpc-whitelist-enabled": true,
Web GUI 的默认端口为 9091,这可以通过编辑 rpc-port 值来变更。
设置文件的更多信息在这里找:
https://trac.transmissionbt.com/wiki/EditConfigFiles
然后更变配置文件夹的属主。
root@nas:/var/transmission# chown -R torrentd:other /var/transmission
Transmission 配置为系统服务
最后一步是将 Transmission 集成到系统的 Service Management Facility (smf) 当中。这需要一个描述了 Transmission 服务的 XML 配置文件。
基本的 XML 配置文件在 4amlunch.net 可以找到。但因为该配置文件中需要设置一些特定的目录,所以此处编辑了这个文件以适合本文中的叙述。新文件可以在这里找到: transmission.zip
假设传送至 /tmp 目录。
root@nas:/tmp# unzip transmission.zip Archive: transmission.zip inflating: transmission-daemon inflating: transmission-daemon.xml root@nas:/tmp# mv transmission-daemon /lib/svc/method/ root@nas:/tmp# chmod +x /lib/svc/method/transmission-daemon root@nas:/tmp# chown root:bin /lib/svc/method/transmission-daemon root@nas:/tmp# svccfg import -V transmission-daemon.xml
现在,我们已经将 transmission-daemon 安装成为了 NexentaStor 的一个服务,它可以使用 svcadm 命令来启动及停止,并使用 svcs 来检查其运行状态。
相关命令:
svcadm enable transmission-daemon svcadm disable transmission-daemon
以下步骤将启用 Transmission 服务,并检查其状态。
root@nas:/tmp# svcadm enable transmission-daemon root@nas:/tmp# svcs -x transmission-daemon svc:/application/transmission-daemon:default (Transmission BitTorrent Client (Daemon)) State: online since February 8, 2013 01:33:33 AM PST See: transmission-daemon(1) See: http://www.transmissionbt.org See: /var/svc/log/application-transmission-daemon:default.log Impact: None.
这样就可以了,服务已启动并运行,现在我们可以在端口 9091 访问 Transmission 的 WebGUI:
http://YourServerAddress:9091/
如果希望使用 uTorrent 风格的客户端,那推荐你使用 RPC 客户端来访问 Transmission 守护进程,比如 Transmission Remote GUI,比 Web GUI 更方便强大: https://code.google.com/p/transmisson-remote-gui/
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NexentaStor Community 4.0 milestone 20
下载地址: http://nexentastor.org/boards/13/topics/8785
感兴趣的更新之一,是增加了对VMware万兆网卡VMXNet3的支持。
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NexentaStor下获取真正的root权限
NexentaStor一切都被封装得严严实实,即使用ssh下用root登录到它的NMC(Nexenta Management Console)也是如此。当然了,这主要还是为了安全计——如果这台机器这个OS下的系统专用作存储服务,似乎真实的root shell确已无必要,使用其WEB界面的NMV及字符界面的NMC就已足够。但凡事总有例外,如果NexentaStor运行在ESXi下,像VMware tools之类的安装活儿,你还非得真正的UNIX shell不可。
NexentaStor其实就是Solaris开源分支的一个封装发行,那么我们怎样找到熟悉的UNIX bash呢?我们来搞搞震吧!
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SOHO NAS 折腾 – HP ProLiant MicroServer N40L
杂凑大纲:
需求篇
硬件篇
内存、SATA扩展、线缆、网卡、光驱位扩展、硬盘
软件篇
操作系统底层
Server OS or ESXi
ZFS及NexentaStor/NAS4Free/FreeNAS
Windows